Technically, nanofiltration is working very well in such applications, although the economic case has long been made.
As such, nanofiltration is suitable to produce drinking water from sources that are not traditional water supplies and hence augmenting the available water for drinking. The technology is fit for application in treating contaminated water, ranging from brackish water through to wastewater reclamation. Such decentralized treatment is a relatively a new paradigm that is required in remote areas where supply of water to a relatively sparse population requires small plants, as well as in places where no safe water distribution system is available. Renewable energy-powered nanofiltration allows to (i) overcome the operational energy costs of nanofiltration and (ii) design decentralized treatment where advanced water treatment removal of dissolved contaminants is required and no reliable energy supply is available.
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